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Quartz (Photo) [abbr. Qz ]

Year of discovery: Prehistoric (Wolrd), 713 (Japan)

Locality list: 9,221 localities of quartz

• SiO₂
• [Si⁴⁺][O₂]^4-

• Class: Oxide, Tectosilicate
• Variety: Amethyst (Purple, +Fe)
• Variety: Citrine (Yellow, +Fe)
• Variety: Ferruginous quartz (Red, +Hematite or Limonite)
• Variety: Rose quartz (Pink, +Ti,Fe,Mn)
• Variety: Smoky quartz (Black, +Al)
• Variety: Morion (Black, +Al)
• Variety: Agate (Banded cryptocrystalline, Acicular)
• Variety: Chalcedony (Massive cryptocrystalline, Translucent)
• Variety: Jasper (Massive cryptocrystalline, Opaque)

• Soluble in: HF
• Insoluble in: HCl
• Magnetism: Diamagnetic
• Fluorescence: UV excitation (Yellow-Orange), Triboluminescence, Cathodo luminescence
• Electrical: Piezoelectric, Pyroelectric, Electrostatic (Rubbed, Positive)
• Phase transition: Transit to β-Quartz above 573 degree.
• Phase transition: Transit to Coesite at 3.5-10 GPa and above 573 degree.
• Phase transition: Transit to Stishovite above 10 GPa and above 573 degree.
• Paramorph: Replace β-Quartz.
• Substitution pseudomorph: Replace Chibaite.
• Substitution pseudomorph: Replaced by Boracite.
• Incrustation pseudomorph: Replace Cerussite or Scheelite.

• Polymorph: β-Quartz (573-870 degree, Hexagonal)
• Polymorph: Tridymite (870-1470 degree, Triclinic)
• Polymorph: Cristobalite (>1470 degree, Tetragonal)
• Polymorph: Coesite (2.0-10 GPa, 500-800 degree, Monoclinic)
• Polymorph: Stishovite (>10 GPa, 500-800 degree, Tetragonal)
• Polymorph: Mogánite (Moganite) (Monoclinic)

• Si => Ge: Argutite
• Si => Sn: Cassiterite
• Si => Ti: Rutile, Anatase, Brookite
• Si => Pb: Scrutinyite (α), Plattnerite
• Si => Mn: Pyrolusite (β), Ramsdellite (γ), Akhtenskite (ε)
• Si => V: Paramontroseite
• Si => Mo: Tugarinovite
• Si => U: Uraninite
• Si => Th: Thorianite
• Si => Ce: Cerianite-(Ce)
• Si => Se: Downeyite
• Si => Zr: Baddeleyite
• Si => Te: Tellurite, Paratellurite

• Color: Colorless, White
• Streak: White
• Luster: Vitreous
• Diaphaneity: Transparent-Translucent

• Habit: Hexagonal Prism with pyramidal faces

• Cleavage: Indistinct on {1011} (3 planes)
• Hardness: 7
• Density: 2.7

• System: Trigonal
• Group: 32, P3₁21
• Lattice: a=4.9, c=5.4

Synonym: α-Quartz, Low quartz