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Pyrolusite (Photo)

Year of discovery: 1827 (World), 1899 (Japan)

Locality list: 327 localities of pyrolusite

• MnO₂
• β-[Mn⁴⁺][O₂]^4-

• Class: Rutile group
• Class: Oxide
• Soluble in: HCl
• Magnetism: Paramagnetic
• Formed by weathering alteration of Rhodochrosite.
• Substitution pseudomorph: Replace Manganite. (Polianite)

• Polymorph: Ramsdellite (γ, Orthorhombic), Akhtenskite (ε, Hexagonal)

• Mn => Ge: Argutite
• Mn => Sn: Cassiterite
• Mn => Ti: Rutile, Anatase, Brookite
• Mn => Pb: Scrutinyite (α), Plattnerite
• Mn => Si: Quartz (α), β-Quartz (β), Tridymite, Cristobalite, Coesite, Stishovite, Mogánite (Moganite)
• Mn => V: Paramontroseite
• Mn => Mo: Tugarinovite
• Mn => U: Uraninite
• Mn => Th: Thorianite
• Mn => Ce: Cerianite-(Ce)
• Mn => Se: Downeyite
• Mn => Zr: Baddeleyite
• Mn => Te: Tellurite, Paratellurite

• Color: Black, Dark gray
• Streak: Bluish black
• Luster: Metallic
• Diaphaneity: Opaque

• Habit: Acicular, Earthy

• Cleavage: Perfect on {110} (2 planes)
• Hardness: 6-6.5
• Density: 5.1

• System: Tetragonal
• Group: 4/mmm, P4₁/mnm
• Lattice: a=4.4, c=2.9