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Rutile (Photo) [abbr. Rt ]

Year of discovery: 1800 (Horcajuelo de la Sierra, Spain), 1885 (Japan)

Locality list: 322 localities of rutile

• TiO₂
• [Ti⁴⁺][O₂]^4-

• Class: Rutile group
• Class: Oxide
• Variety: Nigrine (+Fe, Black)
• Variety: Ilmenorutile (+Nb)
• Insoluble in: HCl
• Substitution pseudomorph: Replace Ilmenite, Titanite, or Perovskite. (Leucoxene)

• Polymorph: Anatase (Tetragonal), Brookite (Orthorhombic), Akaogiite (Monoclinic)

• Ti => Ge: Argutite
• Ti => Sn: Cassiterite
• Ti => Pb: Scrutinyite (α), Plattnerite
• Ti => Mn: Pyrolusite (β), Ramsdellite (γ), Akhtenskite (ε)
• Ti => Si: Quartz (α), β-Quartz (β), Tridymite, Cristobalite, Coesite, Stishovite, Mogánite (Moganite)
• Ti => V: Paramontroseite
• Ti => Mo: Tugarinovite
• Ti => U: Uraninite
• Ti => Th: Thorianite
• Ti => Ce: Cerianite-(Ce)
• Ti => Se: Downeyite
• Ti => Zr: Baddeleyite
• Ti => Te: Tellurite, Paratellurite

• Color: Red, Yellowish brown, Yellow
• Streak: Grayish black, Brown
• Luster: Adamantine
• Diaphaneity: Transparent

• Habit: Prismatic
• Aggregate: Radial

• Cleavage: Distinct on {110} and {100} (3 planes), Indistinct on {111} (4 planes), Parting on {092} and {011} (4 planes)
• Hardness: 6-6.5
• Density: 4.2

• System: Tetragonal
• Group: 4/mmm, P4₁/mnm
• Lattice: a=4.6, c=3.0

Etymology: Rutilum (Golden color) in Latin