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Kawai Formation Imamura et al., 1958

Invalid synonym: Oro Formation (a part of Kawai Formation), Lower Tamatsukuri Formation

• Type locality: Kawai, Ota city, Saitama prefecture
• Coherent formation
• middle Miocene (20 - 15 Ma, K-Ar)
• Correlation: Josoji Formation

• Sedimentary facies: Shallow marine
• Sedimentary facies (Minor): Lacustrine
• Sedimentary facies: Coastal deposits
• Lithofacies: Sandstone
• Lithofacies (Minor): Andesite hyaloclastite, Dacite submarine pyroclastic flow deposit, Rhyolite lava, Volcanic debris flow deposit
• Lithofacies (Bottom, Minor): Sandstone

• Thickness: 0 - 150 m
• Upper limit: Interfinggered (Kuri Formation), Unconformity (Omori Formation)
• Lower limit: bottom of the felsic tuff bed
• Lower limit: Unconformity (Sada Formation, Granite)

------ Conformity, ~~~~~~ Unconformity, ~~~--- Local unconformity, '''/,, Interfingered, :::::: Fault, /--/-- Thrust, +__+__ Ground surface, ?--?-- Unknown

• Distribution: Gotsu city, Shimane, Shimane pref.; Kawai - Ushibara, Oda city, Shimane pref.; Shinji village, Matsue city, Shimane pref.; Yonago city, Shimane pref.; Takakubo, Mitoya village, Unnan city, Shimane pref.
• Fossils: Plants, Shellfishes (Freshwater), Vicarya cf. japonica, Anadara daitokudoensis, Foraminifera, Fishes, Diatoms

• Kano (2018) Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol.124, no.10, pp.781-803 DOI
• Sawada et al. (2013) Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol.119, no.4, pp.267-284 DOI
• Hayashi et al. (2013) Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol.119, no.4, pp.300-311 DOI
• Sato et al. (2011) Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol.117, no.8, pp.439-450 DOI
• Utada (2007) Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol.113, no.8, pp.438-453 DOI
• Kano et al. (1991) Geology of the Imaichi District, Quadrangle Series, Scale 1:50,000, Geological Survey of Japan, 79p. (in Japanese with English abstract 5p.)