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Kusuhara Formation Akamine et al., 1951 ex Suzuki et al., 1948

Invalid synonym: Kusuhara Coal-bearing Formation

• Type locality: Saigyodani valley, Kusuhara, Geino town, Tsu city, Mie prefecture
• Coherent formation
• Pliocene

• Sedimentary facies: Fluvial
• Lithofacies: Clay, Sands, Gravels
• Lithofacies (Minor): Lignite

• Thickness: ca. 20 - 200 m
• Upper limit: Bottom of Kamishiraki Tephra
• Upper limit: Transitional (Lower Member)
• Lower limit: Top of the thick conglomerate bed
• Lower limit: Transitional (Saigyodani Formation)

------ Conformity, ~~~~~~ Unconformity, ~~~--- Local unconformity, '''/,, Interfingered, :::::: Fault, /--/-- Thrust, +__+__ Ground surface, ?--?-- Unknown

• Distribution: Saigyodani valley, Kusuhara, Geino town, Tsu city, Mie pref.; Suzuka city, Mie pref.; Isshiki, Shiraki, Seki town, Kameyama city, Mie pref.; Maedagawa river - Asaakeyama - Konoshita town - Kusubirao, Kameyama city, Mie pref.
• Fossils: Shellfishes (Viviparus uryuensis kosasanus), Pollen
• Fossils (Plants): Buxus japonica, Corylus sp., Fagus crenata, Ficus tiliaefolia, Glyptostrobus europaeus, Glyptostrobus pensilis, Liquidamber formosana, Quercus robroidea, Sequoia sempervirens
• Tephra: Akogi Tephra

• Hoshi et al. (2013) Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol.119, no.10, pp.679-692 DOI
• Yoshida et al. (1991) Geology of the Kuwana District, Quadrangle Series, Scale 1:50,000, Geological Survey of Japan, 154p. (in Japanese with English abstract 5p.)
• Yoshida (1984) Geology of the Yokkaichi District, Quadrangle Series, Scale 1:50,000, Geological Survey of Japan, 81p. (in Japanese with English abstract 5p.)
• Miyamura et al. (1981) Geology of the Kameyama District, Quadrangle Series, Scale 1:50,000, Geological Survey of Japan, 128p. (in Japanese with English abstract 9p.)