Producing Titanium (Ti)

Ti: Titanium

Klaproth (Austria) discovered in 1795.

Abundance: 0.632%(in the earth's crust)

Separate ilumenite by using magnetism.

FeTiO3

Heat ilumenite and/or rutile (brookite,anatase) with coke in chlorine.

FeTiO3 + 3C + 3Cl2 FeCl2 + 3CO + TiCl4

TiO2 + 2C + 2Cl2 2CO + TiCl4

Distillate titanium chloride, and mixes red-hot powder of magnesium.

TiCl4 + 2Mg Ti + 2MgCl2