List of fossils in Tokyo metropolis

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List of fossils in Tokyo metropolis

A list of fossils reported from Tokyo metropolis, Kanto region, Honshu island, Japan.

Photographs of outcrops and fossils in Tokyo metropolis

Paleozoic

Fusulinids: Schwagerina sp.; Triticites sp.

Carboniferous (358.9-298.9 Ma)

Permian (298.9-252.17 Ma)

Fusulinids: Lepidolina sp.; Neoschwagerina sp.; Pseudodoliolina ozawai; Pseudodoliolina pseudolepida; Pseudofusulina sp.; Yabeina sp.

Conodonts: Gondolella sp.

Triassic (252.17-201.3 Ma)

Ammonoids: Ophiceras sp.

Bivalvia: Entomonotis sp.; Halobia sp.; Leptochondria sp.; Monotis ochotica => Entomonotis ochotica; Myochoncha sp.; Myophoria sp.

Plants

Conodonts: Epigondolella abneptis

Sponges: Stromatopora sp.

Jurassic (201.3-145.0 Ma)

Echinoids: Cidaris sp., (Needles)

Corals: Enallhelia sp.; Isastrea kosodeensis; Latomeandra sp.; Meandrarea somaensis => Latomeandra somaensis; Microsolena sp.; Placocoenia sp.; Placocoenia tosaensis; Pleurosmilia? sp.; Stylina (Convexastrea) sp. => Convexastrea sp.; Thamnasteria sp.

Hydrozoans: Spongiomorpha sp.

Sponges: Chaetetopsis crinita; Milleporidium sp.; Stromatopora sp.; Tosastroma sp.

Foraminifera: Pseudocyclammina sp.

Red algae: Nipponophycus sp.

Red algae or Green algae: Pycnoporidium sp.

Cretaceous (145.0-66.0 Ma)

Ammonoids: Polyptychoceras sp.

Radiolarians: Amphipyndax cf. tylotus; Archaeodictyomitra sp.; Dictyomitra koslovae; Novixitus sp.

Eocene (56.0-39.0 Ma)

Foraminifera: Nummulites sp.; Camerina bagualensis => Nummulites baguelensis

Miocene (23.03-5.33 Ma)

Mammals: Paleoparadoxia sp.

Sharks: Isurus hastalis => Cosmopolitodus hastalis, Broad-tooth white shark

Fishes (Scale)

Crustaceans: infraoder Brachyura, Crab; Callianassa sp., (Claws); Callianassa titaensis => Callianopsis titaensis, (Claws)

Echinoderms: Ophiacantha sp.; Linthia sp.

Bivalvia: Felaniella sp.; Glycymeris sp., Bittersweet clam; Lucinoma sp.; Lucinoma cf. annulata, Western ridged lucina; Macoma sp.; Mya cuneiformis; Portlandia tokunagai => Hataiyoldia tokunagai; Solemya sp.; Solemya (Acharax) tokunagai => Acharax johnsoni; Solen sp.; Vasticardium sp.; Venericardia ferruginea; Yoldia tokunagai => Hataiyoldia tokunagai

Flowering plants: Castanea sp., Chestnut; Comptonia naumanni => Comptonia japonica; Fagus sp., Beech, (Leaves); Juglans sp., Walnut tree; Quercus acutissima, Sawtooth oak; Ulmus sp., Elm

Conifers: Cunninghamia konishii, Taiwan fir, (Leaves); Metasequoia sp., (Leaves); Sequoia sp., (Leaves)

Stromatolite => Corrected to carbonate nodule in 1997

Pliocene (5.33-2.58 Ma)

Mammals: order Proboscidea, Elephant, (Molars); Stegodon protoaurorae

Bivalvia: Anadara sp.; Mactra sp.; Mercenaria sp.; Mizuhopecten sp.; Solen sp.

Flowering plants: Cyclocarya paliurus, Wheel wingnut, (Nuts); Juglans cinerea var. megacinerea, (Nuts); Styrax sp., Snowbell tree, (Nuts); Trapa sp., (Nuts)

Conifers: Cunninghamia sp., (Cones); Metasequoia sp., (Cones)

Pleistocene (2.58- 0.01Ma)

Mammals: Canis sp.; Palaeoloxodon naumanni, Naumann's elephant, (Entire structure, Molars, Tusks); Stegodon aurorae, (Bones, Molars); Stegodon miensis; Japonocetus akishimensis => Eschrichtius akishimaensis, Akishima whale; superfamily Odontoceti, Dolphins, (Lower jaw)

Insects (Wings): Pterostichus microcephalus; Plateumaris constricticollis, (Wings)

Bivalves: Acila sp.; Acila insignis; Anadara sp.; Anadara broughtonii, Bloody clam; Anadara (Tegillarca) granosa => Tegillarca granosa, Blood cockle; Atrina japonica; Callithaca adamsi => Protocallithaca adamsi, Adams' thin shelled littleneck; Chlamys nipponensis => Azumapecten farreri subsp. nipponensis; Clementia sp.; Clinocardium californiense => Keenocardium californiense, Bering sea cockle; Clinocardium (Fuscocardium) braunsi => Clinocardium braunsi; Corbicula sp.; Corbicula japonica, Japanese basket clam; Crassostrea gigas => Magallana gigas, Pacific oyster; Cultellus sp.; Cultellus izumoensis; Cultellus otukai; Cycladicama cumingi => Joannisiella cumingii; Dosinia sp.; Dosinia angulosa; Dosinia bilunulata; Dosinia japonica; Erodona sp.; Fulvia sp.; Fulvia mutica, Japanese cockle; Glycymeris rotunda; Leukoma euglypta; Lucinoma sp.; Macoma sp.; Macoma calcarea, Chalky macoma; Macoma incongrua; Macoma tokyoensis; Macoma optiva; Mactra sp.; Megangulus sp.; Mercenaria sp.; Mizuhopecten sp.; Mizuhopecten kimurai; Mizuhopecten tokyoensis; Mizuhopecten tokyoensis hokurikuensis; Modiolus sp., Horsemussel; Musculista sp. => Arcuatula sp.; Mya sp.; Mya arenaria, Soft-shell clam; Nuculana confusa sematensis => Saccella sematensis; Nuculana pernuloides => Nuculana pernula, Müller's nut clam; superfamily Ostreoidea, Oyster; Panopea sp.; Panopea japonica, Japanese geoduck; Paphia sp.; Paphia amabilis; Patinopecten sp.; Pecten sp.; Pecten albicans, Japanese baking scallop; Periploma sp.; Placamen sp.; Potamocorbula amurensis, Amur river clam; Raeta pellicula; Raeta yokohamaensis => Raeta pulchella; Ruditapes sp.; Saccella confusa; Saxidomus sp., Washington clam; Saxidomus purpuratus => Saxidomus purpurata; Scapharca subcrenata => Anadara kagoshimensis; Schizothaerus keenae => Tresus keenae, Mirugai clam; Solen sp.; Solen krusensterni; Theora sp.; Tresus sp., Horse clam; Vasticardium sp.; Venericardia (Cyclocardia) siogamensis => Cyclocardia siogamensis; Venericardia ferruginea; Venericardia ferruginosa => Megacardita ferruginosa; Venerupis semidecussata => Ruditapes philippinarum, Japanese littleneck; Volsella sp. => Modiolus sp., Horsemussel

Gastropoda: Acteocina exilis; Agatha sp.; Cancellaria sp.; Cryptonatica andoi, Violet-mouthed moon; Etrema subauriformis; Mitrella sp.; Nassarius praematuratus; Neptunea sp.; Neverita (Glossaulax) didyma => Neverita didyma, Bladder moon snail; Niotha sp. => Nassarius sp., Nassa mud snail; Olivella sp., Dwarf olive; Ophiodermella pseudopannus; Patelloida pygmaea; Pristiterebra tsuboiana; Propebela yokoyamai; Puncturella sp.; Rapana venosa, Veined rapa whelk; Reticunassa festiva; Ringicula sp.; Siphonalia sp.; Siphonalia fusoides, Fusiform whelk; Siphonalia modificata; Siphonalia spadicea; Tonna sp.; Umbonium sp.; Volutharpa perryi

Flowering plants (Leaves, Pollen): Acer pictum ssp. mono, Painted maple, (Leaves); Alnus hirsuta => Alnus maximowiczii, Montane alder; Carex rhynchophysa => Carex utriculata, Northwest territory sedge; Carpinus erosa => Carpinus cordata, Sawa hornbeam; Castanea sp., Chestnut; Corylus sp., Hazel, (Leaves); Fagus sp., Beech, (Leaves); Fagus crenata, Japanese beech; Fagus japonica, Japanese blue beech, (Leaves); Gleditsia sp.; Juglans sp., Walnut tree, (Nuts); Juglans ailanthoides => Juglans mandshurica var. sachalinensis, Japanese walnut, (Nuts); Juglans cinerea var. megacinerea, (Nuts); Luzula cf. plumosa; Magnolia kobus, Kobushi magnolia, (Seeds); Nelumbo sp.; Phragmites communis => Phragmites australis, Common reed; Potamogeton gramineus, Various-leaved pondweed; Quercus sp., Oak, (Leaves); Quercus crispula => Quercus mongolica subsp. crispula; Quercus dentata, Japanese emperor oak, (Leaves); Salix sp., Willow, (Leaves); Salix cf. bakko; Scirpus sp., Club-rush; family Smilacaceae, (Leaves); Spiraea sp.; Styrax japonicus, Japanese snowbell, (Nuts); Tilia japonica, Japanese linden; Trapa sp., (Seeds); Zelkova sp., (Leaves)

Conifers (Leaves, Pollen): Abies sp., Fir, (Pollen); Abies mariesii, Maries' fir; Cunninghamia sp.; Larix leptolepis => Larix kaempferi, Japanese larch, (Cones); Metasequoia occidentalis, (Stocks, Leaves, Cones, Pollen); Picea bicolor => Picea alcokiana; Picea jezoensis var. hondoensis, (Cones, Pollen); Picea koribai, (Cones); Picea Maximowiczii, Japanese bush spruce, (Cones); Picea polita => Picea torano, Tigertail spruce, (Cones); Pinus sp., Pine, (Cones); Pinus fujiii; Pinus koraiensis, Korean pine, (Seeds); Taxus cuspidata, Japanese yew; Tsuga diversifolia, Northern Japanese hemlock

Mosses: Drepanocladus exannulatus, Warnstorfia moss

Diatoms: Cymbella sp.; Diploneis sp.; Navicula sp.; Pinnularia sp.; Stauroneis sp.

Trace fossils: family Cervidae, Deer, (Footprints); Stegodon aurorae, (Footprings); Pipe rocks

Holocene (0.01-0 Ma)

Mammals: family Cervidae, Deers, (Bones)

Bivalvia: Anadara chichibuensis; Arca boucardi; Callista sp.; Clementia sp.; Mactra sp.; Mactra veneriformis => Mactra quadrangularis; Meretrix sp.; Ostrea sp.; Ostrea gigas => Magallana gigas, Pacific oyster; Ruditapes sp.; Saxidomus sp., Washington clam

Scaphopoda: Dentalium octangulatum, Octagonal tusk shell

Gastropoda: Glossaulax sp.; Rapana venosa, Veined rapa whelk; Tonna sp.

Investigation in progress

Bivalvia: Tegillarca sp.

Conifers: Picea torano, Tigertail spruce, (Cones); Pinus koraiensis, Korean pine, (Cones); Taxus cuspidata, Japanese yew, (Seeds); Tsuga diversifolia, Northern Japanese hemlock, (Cones)

Trace fossils: Upogebia sp.?, (Pipe rocks)