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Sugiyama Sand Member (Kuroda, 1958)

Invalid synonym: Gumihara Sand

• Type locality: Nishihamada, Mutsure town, Tahara city, Aichi prefecture
• Coherent formation
• middle Pleistocene

• Sedimentary facies: Marine
• Sedimentary facies (Upper): Beach
• Sedimentary facies (Lower): Shoreface
• Climate: Warm
• Lithofacies: Sands
• Lithofacies (Minor): Gravels
• Sedimentary structures: Parallel stratification
• Sedimentary structures (Upper): Planar cross-stratification, Trough cross-stratification

• Thickness: 10 - 20 m
• Upper limit: Conformity (Tenpakubara Gravel Member)
• Lower limit: Transitional (Tonami Gravel Member), Conformity (Terasawa Mud Member, Takamatsu Muddy Sand Member, Washizu Mud Member), Unconformity (Toshima Sand and Gravel Member)

------ Conformity, ~~~~~~ Unconformity, ~~~--- Local unconformity, '''/,, Interfingered, :::::: Fault, /--/-- Thrust, +__+__ Ground surface, ?--?-- Unknown

• Distribution: Nishihamada, Mutsure town, Tahara city, Aichi pref.; Takamatsu town - Okusa town - Akahane, Tahara city, Aichi pref.; Takatsuka town - Tenpakudai, Toyohashi city, Aichi pref.; west coast of Lake Hamana, Kosai city, Shizuoka pref.
• Fossils (Plants): Abies firma, Ilex cornuta, Melia azedarach, Pinus thunbergii
Fossils (Trace fossils): Macaronichnus segregatis

• Nakashima et al. (2008) Geology of the Toyohashi and Tahara District, Quadrangle Series, Scale 1:50,000, Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, 113p. (in Japanese with English abstract 3p.)
• Nakashima et al. (2008) Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol.114, no.2, pp.70-79 DOI