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Producing Palladium (Pd)

Pd: Palladium

Wollaston (UK) discovered and separated in 1803.

Abundance: 0.015ppm(in the earth's crust)

Add platinum placer and iridosmine into melted lead.

Platinum and palladium is melted, whereas ruthenium, osmium,and iridium remains as residue.

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Add lead into nitric acid, and palladium is dissolved into nitric acid.

3Pd + 2NO3(-) + 8H(+) right 3Pd(2+) + 2NO + 4H2O

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Add potassium iodide into nitric acid solution.

Pd(2+) + 2I(-) right PdI2

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Dissolve deposited palladium iodide into hydrochloric acid.

PdI2 + HCl right PdCl2 + I2 + 2H(+)

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Dissolve palladium chloride int water, and apply electrodialysis.

PdCl2 right Pd + Cl2

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