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Gold (Photo)

Year of discovery: Prehistoric (World), AD 749 (Japan)

Locality list: 1,393 localities of gold

• Au

• Class: Gold group
• Class: Native elements
• Variety: Electrum
• Soluble in: Aqua regia
• Insoluble in: HCl, HNO₃, H₂SO₄, HF
• Magnetism: Diamagnetic
• Electrical: Electrostatic (Rubbed, Negative)
• Substitution pseudomorph: Replace Calaverite.

• Au => Ag: Silver (Series)
• Au => Pd: Palladium (Series)

• Au_0.33 => Bi: Maldonite

• Au₂ => AuSn: Yuanjiangite

• Au₅ => Au₃Hg₂: Weishanite

• Au₁₁ => Au₆Hg₅: Aurihydrargyrumite

• Color: Yellow. Pale yellow
• Streak: Yellow
• Luster: Metallic
• Diaphaneity: Opaque

• Habit: Octahedral, Dodecahedral, Cubic. Edges are sometimes rounded.
• Aggregate: Parallel twin makes network, Hopper, Dendritic structure
• Twin: {111}

• Cleavage: No
• Hardness: 2.5-3
• Density: 19.0

• System: Cubic
• Group: m3m, Fm3m
• Lattice: a=4.1

Etymology: Metal in old English which originated from Jval (metal) in Sanskrit

Synonym: Native Gold