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Haizume Formation Omura, 1927

Invalid synonym: Ozumi Formation

• Type locality: Haizume, Nishiyama town, Kashiwazaki city, Niigata prefecture
• Coherent formation
• early Pleistocene (1.74 - 0.8 Ma, FT)
• Contemporaneous heterotopic facies (partly): Uonuma Formation
• Correlation: Iwanosawa Formation

• Sedimentary facies: Marine
• Sedimentary facies: Outer shelf, Shoreface
• Sedimentary facies: Submarine banks
• Water temperature: Warm ocean current and cold ocean current became dominant alternately.
• Depth of water: The upper level is shallower. Deeper than Uonuma Formation
• Lithofacies: Silty sandstone, Siltstone, Sandy siltstone
• Lithofacies (Minor): Sandstone, Calcareous sandstone, Interbedded sandstone and siltstone
• Lithofacies (Funabashi Sand Member): Gravel-bearing calcareous sands and grevels
• Sedimentary structures: Parallel stratificaiton, Cross stratification

• Thickness: 120 - 800 m
• Upper limit: Conformity, partly unconformity (Uonuma Formation), Unconformity (Tazawa Formation, Otsubo Formation, Yasuda Formation)
• Lower limit: Boundary between the massive mudstone and the overlying sandy mudstone
• Lower limit: Conformity and unconformity (Nishiyama Formation), Unconformity (Shiiya Formation)

------ Conformity, ~~~~~~ Unconformity, ~~~--- Local unconformity, '''/,, Interfingered, :::::: Fault, /--/-- Thrust, +__+__ Ground surface, ?--?-- Unknown

• Distribution: Haizume - Ushirodani - Imo - Yamadani, Nishiyama town, Kashiwazaki city, Niigata pref.; Azeya - Tochikubo, Kashiwazaki city, Niigata pref.; Teradomari - Ochimizu - Shido bridge - Natsuto - Kurokawa river - Mishima - Ozumi, Nagaoka city, Niigata pref.; Funabashi - Tanaka - Yoshimizu - Ichinotsubo, Izumozaki city, Santo county, Niigata pref.
• Fossils: Whales (Mesoplodon sp., Otolith), Brachiopods, Echinoids, Pipe rocks
• Fossils (Shellfishes): Acila insignis, Acmaea pallida, Anadara amicula, Anisocorbula venusta, Antalis weinkauffi, Antiplanes contraria, Arca boucardi, Astarte hakodatensis, Bereotrophon candelobrum, Bittium asatoi, Bittium echigoensis, Cadella lubrica, Callista brevisiphonata, Chlamys cosibensis, Chlamys foeda, Chlamys swiftii, Clementia vatheleti, Conchocele bisecta, Crenulilimopsis oblonga, Cryptonatica janthostomoides, Cryptonatica russa, Cycladicama cumingii, Cyclocardia ferruginea, Cyclocardia ferruginea orbicularis, Didimacar tenebrica, Diplodonta gouldi, Empleconia cumingii, Ennucula nipponica, Felaniella usta, Glycymeris nipponica, Glycymeris yessoensis, Homalopoma amussitatum, Indocrassatella sp., Keenaea samarangae, Limatula vladivostokensis, Limopsis tokaiensis, Liotinaria semiclathratula, Lucinoma annulata, Macoma nipponica, Macoma praetexta, Macoma sectior, Megacardita ferruginosa, Mercenaria stimpsoni, Miodontiscus prolongatus nakamurai, Mitrella bicincta, Mizuhopecten tokyoensis hokurikuensis, Mizuhopecten yessoensis yessoensis, Mizuhopecten yessoensis yokoyamae, Monia macroschisma, Myadora fluctuosa, Myadora japonica, Nettastomella japonica, Nitidotellina nitidula, Nuculana yokoyamai, Ocenebra aduncum, Olivella japonica, Ophiodermella ogurana, Ostrea sp., Pandora pulchella, Paphia amabilis, Pecten albicans, Phacosoma japonicum, Proterato callosa, Pteropurpura adunca, Puncturella nobilis, Robaia robai, Saccella sematensis, Sarepta japonica, Serpulorbis imbricatus, Siphonodentalium sp., Slamen spectabilis, Spisula polynympha, Suavodrillia declivis, Tridonta alaskensis, Tridonta borealis, Tristichotrochus consors, Tristichotrochus shimodense, Tritia japonica, Tucetilla pilsbryi, Tugarium exutum, Turritella saishuensis, Umbonium akitanum, Wallucina lamyi, Yabepecten tokunagai, Yoldia notabilis, Zeuxis caelatus
• Fossils (Aburaden fossils bed, Shellfishes): Acila insignis, Glycymeris yessoensis, Mercenaria stimpsoni, Mizuhopecten yessoensis
• Fossils (Ozumi I fossil bed, Shellfishes): Chlamys cosibensis
• Fossils (Ozumi II fossils bed, Shellfishes): Arcopsis sp., Diplodonta gouldi, Empleconia cumingii, Tridonta borealis
• Fossils (Foraminifera): Ammonia japonica, Ammonia ketienziensis, Baggina phillippinensis, Bolivina compacta, Bolivinita quadrilatera, Brizarina decussata, Buccella frigidus calida, Cassidulina norcrossi, Cassidulina yabei, Cibicides asanoi, Cibicides lobatulus, Cibicides cf. refulgens, Cibicides pseudoungerianus, Cibicides ungerianus, Cribroelphidium yabei, Cribrononion clavatum, Dentalina yabei, Discopulvinulina australis, Discopulvinulina bradyi, Discopulvinulina cf. concinna, Discopulvinulina cf. isobelleana, Discopulvinulinaorubicularis, Discopulvinulina stachi, Discorbis sp., Dyocibicides biserialis, Dyocibicides perforata, Elphidium advenum, Elphidium crispum, Elphidium etigoense, Elphidium hanzawai, Elphidium jenseni, Epistominella pulchella, Eponides nipponicus, Fissurina circulo-costa, Fissurina bucida, Fissurina marginata, Florilus japonicus, Florilus manpukujiense, Globigerina bulloides, Globigerina falconensis, Globigerina foliata, Globigerina pachyderma, Globigerina quinqueloba, Globigerina umbilicata, Globigerina woodi, Globigerinita glutinata, Globigerinita uvula, Globigerinoides ruber, Globobulimina auriculata, Globocassidullina subglobosa, Globorotalia inflata inflata, Guttulina irregularis nipponensis, Guttulina kishinouyi, Guttulina lactea, Guttulina pacifica, Guttulina cf. regina, Guttulina yabei, Guttulina yamazakii, Hanzawaia nipponica, Heronallenia stellata, Islandiella islandica, Islandiella japonica, Karreriella baccata, Lagena acuticosta, Lagena sulcata spicata, Lenticulina sp., Melonis nikobarensis, Melonis pacifica, Melonis pompilioides, Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, Neogloboquadrina incompta, Neogloboquadrina packyderma, Nonion scaphum, Pararotalia ozawai, Pseudoglandulina laevigata, Pseudorotalia gaimardii, Pullenia apertula, Pyrgo vespertilio, Quinqueloculina spp., Reussella haizumensis, Textularia spp., Trifarina hughesi, Trifarina kokozuraensis, Uvigerina akitaensis, Uvigerina nitidula, Uvigerina yabei, Valvulineria sadonica
• Fossils (Calcareous nannofossils): Braarudosphaera bigelowii, Calcidiscus leptoporus, Coccolithus pelagicus, Coccolithus streckeri, Crenalithus doronicoides, Dictyococcites spp., Discolithna cf. japonica, Gephyrocapsa aperta, Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, Gephyrocapsa sinuosa, Helicosphaera carteri, Helicosphaera colombiana, Helicosphaera hyalina, Helicosphaera sellii, Helicosphaera wallichi, Pseudoemiliania lacunosa, Syracosphaera pulchera
• Fossils (Bryozoans): Caberea ellisi, Calloporina sculpta, Chaperia acanthina, Cryptosula pallasiana, Dakaria sp., Escharoides hatai, Eurystomella bilabiata, Exochella longirostris, Fenestrulina malusii, Hippoporella parva, Jullienula hippocrepis, Microporella echinata, Microporella orientalis, Steginoporella magnilabis, Stephanosella biaperta, Tegella armifera, Tricellaria occidentalis
• Fossils (Pollen): Alnus sp., Fagus sp., Quercus sp., Taxodiaceae
• Tephra: SK030, Srt-SK100, Og, Yih, Om-SK110, Ot, Ab I, Se

• Tanabe (2015) Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol.121, no.9, pp.311-323, DOI
• Kobayashi et al. (2010) Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol.116, no.11, pp.XVII-XVIII
• Kobayashi et al. (2002) Geology of the Sanjo District, Quadrangle Series, Scale 1:50,000, Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, 98p. (in Japanese with English abstract 4p.)
• Kobayashi et al. (1995) Geology of the Kashiwazaki District, Quadrangle Series, Scale 1:50,000, Geological Survey of Japan, 102p. (in Japanese with English abstract 4p.)
• Kobayashi et al. (1993) Geology of the Izumozaki District, Quadrangle Series, Scale 1:50,000, Geological Survey of Japan, 91p. (in Japanese with English abstract 4p.)
• Kobayashi et al. (1991) Geology of the Nagaoka District, Quadrangle Series, Scale 1:50,000, Geological Survey of Japan, 132p. (in Japanese with English abstract 6p.)