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Moniwa Formation
Invalid synonym: Moniwa Group, Moniwa Conglomerate Member
- Type locality: around Moniwa Power Plant, Moniwa, Taihaku-ku, Sendai city, Miyagi prefecture
- Coherent formation
- early - middle Miocene (16.3 Ma, Foraminifera)
- Sedimentary facies: Shallow marine
- Sedimentary facies: Storm-dominated shelf
- Sedimentary facies: Foreshore of rocky coast - Continental shelf
- Water temperature: Warm ocean current
- Lithofacies: Sandstone
- Lithofacies (Minor): Pebbly sandstone
- Lithofacies (Basal): Conglomerate
------ Conformity, ~~~~~~ Unconformity, ~~~--- Local unconformity, '''/,, Interfingered, :::::: Fault, /--/-- Thrust, +__+__ Ground surface, ?--?-- Unknown
- Distribution: Moniwa - Kitaakaishi - Tsubonuma, Taihaku-ku, Sendai city, Miyagi pref.; Nakazawa - Takadate - Imanari, Natori city, Miyagi pref.
- Fossils: Paleoparadoxia tabatai, Sharks (Teeth), Sea snakes (Eggs), Nautiloids (Aturia cubensis), Brachiopods (Coptothyris grayi miyagiensis), Crabs, Barnacles (Balanus sp.), Echinoids (Astriclypeus mannii, Echinolampas yoshiwarai), Sponges, Corals (Flabellum sp.), Ostracods, Bryozoans
- Fossils (Bivalves): Aequipecten yanagawaensis, Anomia cf. chinensis, Chlamys arakawai, Crassatellites pauxillus, Diplodonta cf. meisensis, Dosinia sp., Glonipollium cf. izurensis, Glycymeris sp., Hiatula minoensis, Kotorapecten kagamianus, Lima sp., Megacardita sp., Mercenaria sp., Nanaochlamys notoensis, Ostrea sp., Oxyreras takadatensis, Pitar cf. itoi, Placopecten nomurai, Vasticardium ogurai
- Fossils (Gastropods): Acmaea sp., Calyptraea tubura, Chelyconus cf. tokunagai, Haliolis moniwaensis, Protorotella sp., Trochus sp., Turbo? sp., Turritella? sp.
- Fossils (Foraminifera): Amphicoryna fukushimaensis, Amphicoryna pauciloculata, Amphistegina sp., Anomalinoides globrata, Astrononion cf. aomoriense, Astrononion cf. umbilicatulum, Baggina notoensis, Bolivina aff. robusta, Buccella tanaii, Buccella cf. tenerrina, Cencris sp., Cibicides lobatulus, Cibicides malloryi, Cibicides refulgens, Cibicides tani, Ehrenbergina sp., Elphidium macellum, Elphidium sendaiense, Gavelinopsis sp., Glabratella cf. wrighti, Globigerina praebulloides praebulloides, Globigerina praebulloides pseudociperoensis, Globigerinella praesiphonifera, Globigerinita glutinata, Globigerinoides sacculifer, Globigerinoides subquadratus, Globigerinoides triloba, Globocassidulina cf. depressa, Globocassidulina oriangulata, Globorotalia mayeri, Globoquadrina debiscens, Guttulina sp., Gyroidina cf. cushmani, Hanzawaia nipponica, Hanzawaia tagaensis, Heterolepa sp., Islandiella cf. japonica, Islandiella margareta, Islandiella cf. yabei, Melonis cf. affinis, Nephrolepidina sp., Nonion japonicus, Nonion kidoharaensis, Praeorbulina glomerosa, Quinqueloculina seminulum, Robulus sp., Rosalina cf. bradyi, Sigmomorphina sp., Siphotextularia sp., Trifarina kokozuraensis, Uvigerina segundoensis
- Tephra: Ht1, Ht2, Ht3, Ht4, Ht5, Ht6, Ht7
- Miyamoto et al. (2013) Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol.119, Supplement, pp.27-46 DOI
- Fujiwara et al. (2013) Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan, vol.119, Supplement, pp.96-119 DOI
- Kitamura et al. (1986) Geology of the Sendai District, Quadrangle Series, Scale 1:50,000, Geological Survey of Japan, 134p. (in Japanese with English abstract 9p.)