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Producing Manganese (Mn)

Mn: Manganese

Grahn (Sweden) separated in 1774.

Abundance: 0.106%(in the earth's crust)

Method 1

Melt mangan dioxide such as hausmannite with coke.

MnO2 + 2C right Mn + 2CO right

Alloy with Fe and C is recovered.


Method 2

Reduce mangan dioxide such as hausmannite by silicon.

MnO2 + Si right Mn + SiO2

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